Kyprolis

HOS-097102 · has-adverse-reaction-information · PDF-Seite 15

Summary of safety profile Serious adverse reactions that may occur during Kyprolis treatment include: cardiac failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, myocardial ischaemia, interstitial lung disease, pneumonitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, dyspnoea, hypertension including hypertensive crises, acute kidney injury, tumour lysis syndrome, infusion related reaction, gastrointestinal haemorrhage, intracranial haemorrhage, pulmonary haemorrhage, thrombocytopenia, hepatic failure, hepatitis B virus reactivation, PRES, thrombotic microangiopathy and TTP/HUS. In clinical studies with Kyprolis, cardiac toxicity and dyspnoea typically occurred early in the course of Kyprolis therapy (see section 4.4). The most common adverse reactions (occurring in > 20% of subjects) were: anaemia, fatigue, thrombocytopenia, nausea, diarrhoea, pyrexia, dyspnoea, respiratory tract infection, cough and neutropenia. 15 Following initial doses of carfilzomib at 20 mg/m2, the dose was increased to 27 mg/m2 in study PX-171-009 and to 56 mg/m2 in study 2011-003 (see section 5.1). A cross-study comparison of the adverse reactions occurring in the Kyprolis and dexamethasone (Kd) arm of study 2011-003 versus the Kyprolis, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (KRd) arm of study PX-171-009 suggest that there may be a potential dose relationship for the following adverse reactions: cardiac failure (Kd 8.2%, KRd 6.4%), dyspnoea (Kd 30.9%, KRd 22.7%), hypertension (Kd 25.9%, KRd 15.8%), and pulmonary hypertension (Kd 1.3%, KRd 0.8%). In study 20160275 (see section 5.1), in which the administration of Kyprolis in combination with daratumumab and dexamethasone (KdD) was compared to Kyprolis in combination with dexamethasone (Kd), deaths due to adverse events within 30 days of the last dose of any study treatment occurred in 10% of patients in the KdD arm compared with 5% of patients in the Kd arm. The most common cause of death occurring in patients in the two arms (KdD versus Kd) was infections (5% versus 3%). The risk of fatal treatment-emergent adverse events was higher among subjects ≥ 65 years of age. Serious adverse events were reported in 56% of the patients in the KdD arm and 46% of the patients in the Kd arm. The most common serious adverse events reported in the KdD arm as compared with the Kd arm were anaemia (2% versus 1%), diarrhoea (2% versus 0%), pyrexia (4% versus 2%)

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HOS-097098 · has-contraindication-information · PDF-Seite 10

• Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1. • Women who are breast-feeding (see section 4.6). As Kyprolis is administered in combination with other medicinal products, refer to their summaries of product characteristics for additional contraindications.

HOS-097097 · has-indication-information · PDF-Seite 2

Kyprolis in combination with daratumumab and dexamethasone, with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, or with dexamethasone alone is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy (see section 5.1).

HOS-097100 · has-interaction-information · PDF-Seite 14

Carfilzomib is primarily metabolised via peptidase and epoxide hydrolase activities, and as a result, the pharmacokinetic profile of carfilzomib is unlikely to be affected by concomitant administration of cytochrome P450 inhibitors and inducers. In vitro studies indicated that carfilzomib did not induce human CYP3A4 in cultured human hepatocytes. A clinical study using oral midazolam as a CYP3A probe conducted with carfilzomib at a dose of 27 mg/m2 (2 to 10 minute infusion) demonstrated that the pharmacokinetics of midazolam were unaffected by concomitant carfilzomib administration, indicating that carfilzomib is not expected to inhibit the metabolism of CYP3A4/5 substrates and is not a CYP3A4 inducer in human subjects. No clinical study was conducted with a dose of 56 mg/m2. However, it is unknown whether carfilzomib is an inducer of CYP1A2, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19 and 2B6 at therapeutic concentrations. Caution should be observed when carfilzomib is combined with medicinal products that are substrates of these enzymes, such as oral contraceptives. Effective measures to avoid pregnancy should be taken (see section 4.6, and refer also to the current lenalidomide summary of product characteristics), an alternative method of effective contraception should be used if the patient is using oral contraceptives. Carfilzomib does not inhibit CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19 and 2D6 in vitro and is therefore not expected to influence exposure of medicinal products that are substrates of these enzymes as a result of inhibition. Carfilzomib is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) but not a BCRP substrate. However, given that Kyprolis is administrated intravenously and is extensively metabolised, the pharmacokinetic profile of carfilzomib is unlikely to be affected by P-gp or BCRP inhibitors or inducers. In vitro, at concentrations (3 µM) lower than those expected at therapeutic doses, carfilzomib inhibits the efflux transport of digoxin, a P-gp substrate, by 25%. Caution should be observed when carfilzomib is combined with substrates of P-gp (e.g. digoxin, colchicine). In vitro, carfilzomib inhibits OATP1B1 with an IC50 = 2.01 µM whereas it is unknown whether carfilzomib may or not inhibit other transporters OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, OCT2 and BSEP, at the systemic level. Carfilzomib does not inhibit human UGT2B7 but inhibits human UGT1A1 with an IC50 of 5.5 µM. Nonetheless, considering the fast elimination of carfilzomib, notably a rapid decline in systemic concentration 5 minutes after the end

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HOS-097101 · has-pregnancy-information · PDF-Seite 14

Women of child bearing potential/Contraception in males and females Female patients of child bearing potential treated with Kyprolis (and/or their partners) must use effective contraception measures during and for one month following treatment. It cannot be excluded that the efficacy of oral contraceptives may be reduced during carfilzomib treatment (see section 4.5). In addition, due to an increased risk of venous thromboembolic events associated with carfilzomib, females should avoid the use of hormonal contraceptives that are associated with a risk of thrombosis during treatment with carfilzomib (see sections 4.4 and 4.8). If a patient is currently using oral contraceptives or a hormonal method of contraception that is associated with a risk of thrombosis, the patient should switch to an alternative method of effective contraception. 14 Male patients must use effective contraception measures during and for 3 months following treatment if their partner is pregnant or of child bearing potential not using effective contraception. Pregnancy There are no data from the use of carfilzomib in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity (see section 5.3). Based on its mechanism of action and findings in animals, Kyprolis can cause foetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Kyprolis should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the foetus. If Kyprolis is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking this medicinal product, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the foetus. Lenalidomide is structurally related to thalidomide. Thalidomide is a known human teratogenic active substance that causes severe life-threatening birth defects. If lenalidomide is taken during pregnancy, a teratogenic effect of lenalidomide in humans is expected. The conditions of the Pregnancy Prevention Programme for lenalidomide must be fulfilled for all patients unless there is reliable evidence that the patient does not have child bearing potential. Please refer to the current lenalidomide summary of product characteristics. Breast-feeding It is unknown whether carfilzomib or its metabolites are excreted in human milk. Based on its pharmacological properties, a risk to the suckling child cannot be excluded. Consequently, as a precautionary measure, breast-feeding is contra-indicated during and for at lea

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HOS-097099 · has-warning-information · PDF-Seite 10

As Kyprolis is administered in combination with other medicinal products, the summary of product characteristics of these other medicinal products must be consulted prior to initiation of treatment with Kyprolis. As lenalidomide may be used in combination with Kyprolis, particular attention to the lenalidomide pregnancy testing and prevention requirements is needed (see section 4.6). Cardiac disorders New or worsening cardiac failure (e.g. congestive cardiac failure, pulmonary oedema, decreased ejection fraction), myocardial ischaemia and infarction have occurred following administration of Kyprolis. Death due to cardiac arrest has occurred within a day of Kyprolis administration and fatal outcomes have been reported with cardiac failure and myocardial infarction. For potential dose-related effects, see section 4.8. While adequate hydration is required prior to dosing in cycle 1, all patients should be monitored for evidence of volume overload, especially patients at risk for cardiac failure. The total volume of fluids may be adjusted as clinically indicated in patients with baseline cardiac failure or who are at risk for cardiac failure (see section 4.2). Stop Kyprolis for grade 3 or 4 cardiac events until recovery and consider whether to restart Kyprolis at 1 dose level reduction based on a benefit/risk assessment (see section 4.2). The risk of cardiac failure is increased in elderly patients (≥ 75 years). The risk of cardiac failure is also increased in Asian patients. A thorough assessment for cardiovascular risk factors prior to starting treatment is recommended. Patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III and IV heart failure, recent myocardial infarction, and conduction abnormalities uncontrolled by medicinal products were not eligible for the clinical studies. These patients may be at greater risk for cardiac complications. Patients with signs or symptoms of NYHA Class III or IV cardiac failure, recent history of myocardial infarction (in the last 4 months), and in patients with uncontrolled angina or arrhythmias, should have a comprehensive cardiological assessment, prior to starting treatment with Kyprolis. This assessment should optimise the patient’s status, with particular attention to blood pressure control and fluid management. Subsequently patients should be treated with caution and remain under close follow-up. Electrocardiographic changes There have been cases of QT interval prolongation reported in clinical studies

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